In 1609, the Metropolitan Bishop Anastasie Crimca built a church for the Dragomirna Monastery, with the aid of Great Chancellor Luca Stroici. The church, dedicated to the Descent of the Holy Spirit, has its model in a small chapel built some years earlier on the monastery grounds. That chapel was innovative in plan and the handling of space, with a rounded chancel, a rectangular naos and an open three-sided exonarthex. The new church was incomparably taller, unique not only to Moldavia, but also to all of Romania, and even to the whole Orthodox world. The relation between the width, length and height of the church is most unusual. The church is nine metres wide, which is an average width, but the height of more than 40 metres up to the top of the lantern tower, makes it seem extremely narrow. The church gives the impression of being a ship, the old symbol of the Christian Church. The general plan of the small chapel was used for the new church, but considerably amplified. The chancel apse is semi-circular, the naos and pronaos rectangular, without apses, and the exonarthex is polygonal. The exonarthex has an entrance both on the north and south façades, and four windows, all with ogee arches.

The exterior of the church is rough yellow sandstone, decorated only with twisted stone cables. Also the interior of the church is plain, the stark whitewashed walls accentuating the architecture. Only the naos and the chancel are decorated with wall paintings.